Women s Rights Movement Of The Nineteenth Century

The women s rights movement of the nineteenth century had a major impact for women. It had unified women around a number of issues that were seen as fundamental rights for all citizens. These rights included: access to higher education, the right to own property, reproductive rights, and suffrage. All was achieved and even more between 1870 and 1930. Before all the changes happened for women. â€Å"Women were completely controlled by the men in their lives. First, by their fathers, brothers and male relatives and then once married, their husbands. A women’s sole purpose in life was to find a husband, reproduce and then spend the rest of their lives serving their husband.† (Smith, 2002) When a women married, â€Å"her husband had rights to†¦show more content†¦Then in 1870, the Married Women’s Property Act was in action. This act meant that wages and property earned through a wife s own work, and investments made with that earned money would henceforth be regarded as her own. This also meant that women could hold rented property in their own name. This act also made women legally liable to maintain their children. In 1871, the first state laws specifically making wife beating illegal were passed, though proliferation of laws to all states and adequate enforcement of those laws lagged very far behind . â€Å"In 1878 a woman suffrage amendment was first introduced in the United States Congress, but it did not pass. Then in 1879, a women named Belva Lockwood became the first woman allowed to argue before the Supreme Court. Her first case was the 1880 case Kaiser v. Stickney.† (Wikipedia, 2016) In 1890, various women s clubs united to form the General Federation of Women s Clubs. Also in 1890, the two largest women s suffrage organizations united to form the National American Woman Suffrage Association under the leadership of Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton. Then â€Å"in 1891 Marie Owens, born in Canada, was hired in Chicago as America s first female police officer† (Wikipedia, 2016). This was significant since not that long ago women were looked down upon for getting jobs, and a police officer job was concentered a man’s job. In 1891, â€Å"women were told that they could not be forced to live

Eco-Spiritual Concerns in Hermann Hesse’s Siddhartha

We currently exist in a world hemmed with electronic media and information technology that affords no queries or space for any quests whatsoever. The world, bereft of any spiritual values, with technological avant-gardism has sped us unconsciously into a world of wares and expenses. The enquiries that met the intellectuals of the past about the problems of the flesh and spirit have been left apart as groundless and inappropriate for the youth of the contemporary world. There is, in such a situation, no space for spiritual experience and satiation. In such a scenario, this paper’s aim to attempt a re-reading of Hermann Hesse’s has great relevance as it holds forth myriad values for our present sensitive ecology. The magnificent, yet†¦show more content†¦He travelled the way of self- denial through meditation, through the emptying of the mind of all images. Along these and other paths did he learn to travel. He lost his Self a thousand times and for days on end he dwelt in non-being. But although the paths took him away from Self, in the end they always led back to it†¦ he would again find himself in sunshine or in moonlight, in shadow or in rain, and was again Self and Siddhartha, again felt the torment of the onerous life cycle (13). Siddhartha’s encounter with Gotama is significant for various reasons. He, with wonder and awe, inspects the being of the Illustrious One. His peaceful countenance inspires Siddhartha and he examines carefully: The Buddha went quietly on his way, lost in thought. His peaceful countenance was neither happy nor sad. He seemed to be smiling gently inwardly. With a secret smile, not unlike that of a healthy child, he walked along peacefully, quietly. He wore his gown and walked along exactly like the other monks, but his face and his step, his peaceful downward glance, his peaceful downward hanging hand, and very finger of his hand spoke of peace, spoke of completeness, sought nothing, imitated nothing, reflected a continual quiet, an unfading light, an invulnerable peace (23). However Siddhartha’s search does not end with the encounter with the Illustrious One. While Govinda chooses to follow Buddha, Siddhartha proceeds further. The scholar in him rouses and he contemplates: â€Å"I will learn

Moving Mens Health Promotion Forward in Australia

Question: Discuss about the Moving Mens Health Promotion Forward in Australia. Answer: Accessibility-Ensuring that the services of primary care are affordable, available, and equally provided to the people. Community participation- All resources are used to reach the grass roots. Health promotion-communication to everyone.[1] Collaboration between health sectors. First, I would improve the identification of cases, whereby the most urgent ones shall be selected. Then trust, here, I would ensure that the confidence the Aboriginals lost in governance systems is restored through a show of concern. Improving prominent clinical indicators. After diagnosis, the treatment, education, referral and follow-up processes shall be changed from traditional to modern. Medicare; the government, provides healthcare that is affordable and accessible and with no charges at the service point. Private health insurance; advanced choices and advantages for insured people, like choosing a doctor, timing procedure, and the hospital. Private health funds; range to over 35 insurance finances open to anyone. Government incentive, health insurance, and regulation of health insurance in private sectors. When assessing a depressed patient, some potential risks like self-mutilation through suicide may be expected. Again, an accident patient with excessive blood loss may be in danger of hypothermia, hypovolemia, and shock. A patient with a septic wound may be at a potential risk for systemic infections like bacteraemia. Based on statistics, Australians pay $50 to $80 to see a GP and more than half can be reclaimed through the Medicare insurance scheme. Besides, GP surgeries are only charged the reclaimable amount meaning it is entirely free of charge. The middle earners and pensioners have a card issued by the government, meaning they are bulk-billed. Prescriptions have been subsidised under the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS). Nevertheless, Medicare does not cover ambulances; charges can be close to $2,000 in an emergency situation. Comparing this situation in the past and with other nations, Australia has made breakthroughs in quality health care delivery, and I believe it has the best system in the world. Community health extension workers (CHEWs) can be involved in primary health care. Community health nurses can also be part of PHC. Families can be involved through the practice of appropriate lifestyles. Local leaders like parliamentarians can be involved too. Through National Health Reforms, the Commonwealth government has adopted the use of Medicare locals. They are appropriately trained to link locals with GPs, involve local networks of hospitals, support and plan face-to-face services with GPs. The government has funded the training of medical specialists, GPs, and nurses with $1.2 billion. Use of IT in local hospitals, building Super clinics, improving infrastructure, securing personally operated electronic record system has improved primary health care. PHC nurses do health promotion, prevention of illnesses, antenatal and postnatal care, palliation, rehabilitation, public and population health, development of policies, advocacy and research, development of the community, and care and treatment of the sick. [2] Overall delivery of PHC involves local level health practitioners, holistic care, and integration of all sectors of care among others. Primary, secondary, and tertiary care are included as well. Social factors that affect health includes security, availability of resources, norms like discrimination in the case of Australian aboriginals, and inadequate infrastructure limit access to hospitals and GPs. People who have poor access to mass media and technology have less health knowledge. Residential segregated people have poor health and wellbeing. Cultural factors like the belief that the appearance of teeth proves good health regardless of pain or bleeding in China affects wellbeing. Traditional ways of treatment like the use of herbs in the Aboriginal culture have been ineffective in eliminating disease thus leading to preventable deaths. Political environments such as parliamentary decisions made in Australia to foster National Health Reforms have seen improvement in the health systems of Australia. Furthermore, the implementation of Medicare locals was through political processes, and it has improved the PHC levels in Australia. Poverty predisposes someone to poor health and wellbeing. For instance, one may lack money to foot medical bills. The middle and wealthy people have a healthy comfortable life. Third world nations like Somalia have seen increased maternal and paediatric mortalities due to the inability to procure standard medical services. Emotional health is vital in promoting good health. Stress triggers a hormonal cascade that depletes the body of energy and eventually leads to lower immunity and onset of diseases. Again, a mental health patient may be anxious, having suicidal ideations and at risk of poor integration of familiar concepts. Environments like slums, poor weather conditions, arid and semi-arid areas predispose individuals to some specific health problems. For instance, communicable diseases spread faster in crowded areas. Also, people who work in hospitals are at risk of nosocomial infections compared to those who do not. Employment of the local Aboriginals and Torres Islander GPs and nurses would solve the problem of cultural differences. Utilising the principles of shared responsibility for the well-being of the indigenous people would also be a priority. Funding and training the Indigenous Health Workers (IHW), advocating for the abolition of social injustices would also help. As an enrolled nurse, upholding the standards of health care in nursing can be achieved through clinical governance; where standard care shall be dispensed to the client. Carrying out continuous research shall be paramount. Ensuring that Evidence Based Practice (EBP) is realised shall be a priority. Fostering teamwork is imperative as well. The professional code of conduct for nurses has stipulated values of practice. Among the values is upholding needs, rights and benefits of the patient in making decisions, no discrimination, maintaining a therapeutic relationship, advocacy for patients, families and communitys rights, supervision of juniors and proper delegation, and the combination of science and art in the provision of care. It also proposes penalties and consequences for any malpractice. The Australian Nursing Council has regulatory mechanisms as well. The code of ethics provides that nurses should value a quality nursing care for all, kindness and respect for others and self, informed decisions, ethically managing client information, client diversity, cultural safety, and respect, economic, social, ecological, and the general environment for clients recuperation among others. This ethical requirement acts as a reference point for any conduct and decisions that nurses make. Again, the community refers to this document to weigh the performance standards expected from the nurses. Standards of practice for an enrolled nurse are ten as stipulated in the nursing and midwifery board of Australia. They include functioning according to policies, the law and procedures, gross respect for the people as nursing care is delivered, acceptance of accountability and responsibility for personal actions, diverse interpretation of information, collaboration, and provision of quality of attention. Additionally, they should communicate and document all activities, provide evidence-based nursing care, safe and quality of life and engages in professional development. The New South Wales national law on regulation of health practitioners is in act 86a of 2009. It regulates student registrations, renewal of registration, applications for endorsements, health, conduct and performance expected among others. Any breach of the provisions has a guideline on constitutional processes that will lead to judgment in a court of law. Before working as a health practitioner here, you must be certified. The CPD standard in NMBA applies to all nurses. To meet the standard, a nurse must finish 20 hours of CPD in every period of registration. If registered as both a midwife and a nurse, the time frames for the two must be met. Failure to meet the [3]standards attracts the National law provisions like the imposition of condition(s) for your status of registration, and the use of standards, guidelines and principles of certification in establishing a penalty. The decision making framework has policies and templates for tools of decision-making. First off, the fundamental motivation for a decision is to improve the health outcome of the patient. For any decision beyond a nurses capacity, he or she will be responsible for any consequences. Also, nursing decisions are best made in a collaborative environment. The framework also limits nurses to deciding on cases that require other professionals like doctors. Multiculturalism refers to diversity in ethnic and cultural make-ups of different populations; a typical example is the Australian Torres Strait and Aboriginals, immigrants and refugees. Therefore, the Australian society is multicultural. The indigenous people have held to their cultural beliefs even in the modern times, and my first consideration is to integrate their local healers into the contemporary system of care. Again, requesting for financing from government and NGOs shall be a priority in fostering health education and cultural competence among nurses. Cultural barriers: The immigrants come from a different cultural setting that may not blend with the Australian people and will be seen as odd. Again, it will bar them from seeking my health services and I may also not understand their precise needs. Communication problem: Those who come from non-English speaking nations like France and Germany may have problems expressing to GPs. I may not understand their language. High costs: They will not access healthcare. Current Australian health issues include discrimination against the indigenous people in accessing quality health care due to racism, unemployment, stereotyping among others. Another problem is the cultural diversity that leads to misunderstanding and poor health behaviours. Furthermore, limited funding, inadequate GPs, and nurses, poor research, and other areas have affected health care. The Ruud Governments National Health Reform Agreement of 2011(NHRA) was the platform which established the way of shared funding by the Commonwealth, states and territory governments. Calculations are done using the[4] model in the agreement. Commonwealth is to take care of the 50% and the balance by the territories and states. The funding is met through cabinet secretary for health and their states counterparts. Initial knowledge on the insurance and financing for the aged is vital. I shall then introduce the Commonwealth and state funding procedures to the client. Then, I shall issue a card from the insurance fund that is usually available in most of the hospitals and direct the client to the offices for registration. Professional ethics and proper skills of communication shall be upheld. E-health can be accessible by any Australian as long as they have an internet connection. Health information is uploaded on this platform, contacts of health workers, locations of hospitals and vital national health information are uploaded here. Therefore, existing health services and issues shall be identified with ease. Use of banners, signposts and road signs. Road signs have improved health awareness, for instance, the sign posts on the respect of indigenous people in the provision of health services have worked well. Use of social and mass media. Many individuals who use Facebook and Twitter access health information and a survey in Sydney confirmed its effectiveness on the promotion of health. Health provider direct teachings. At the hospitals and in the community, health workers have succeeded in giving health talks to people, and it has yielded a healthy Australia through PHC. In the 1990s and 1980s, Australian health system, had problems of quality, inaccessibility by the disadvantaged groups like the aboriginals and immigrants, reduced funding from the Commonwealth and state governments among others. The advantages of the reforms proposed include broad coverage, less burden on the consumers, utilisation of technology and promotion of primary health care (PHC). Constraints of financing have seen increased national debts and seeking of grants from established governments like the US and the UK. Also, the inadequate health practitioners have seen laxity in the implementation of the proposals in health reforms. However, the endeavours by all stakeholders have elevated the Australian system to one of the best on the face of the earth. References Smith, J, "Beyond masculine stereotypes: Moving men's health promotion forward in Australia". inHealth Promotion Journal of Australia, 18, 2013, 20. Eckermann, S, L Sheridan, Rivers, "Which direction should Australian health system reform be heading?". inThe New Zealand and Australian Journal of Public Health, 40, 2015, 7-9. "Foundation Funding For Behavioral Health Care." in, 35, 2016, 1141-1142. Naccarella, L, L Greenstock, P Brooks, "A framework to support team-based models of primary care within the Australian health care system". inMed J Aust, 199, 2013, 22-25.

S. Robson Walton and Founder Sam Walton Essay Example

S. Robson Walton and Founder Sam Walton Paper Do you think that the values and practices that Wall-Mart founder Sam Walton articulated recognized the claims that employees, as stakeholders, have on the firm? 1. Yes, Wall-Mart values and practices with founder Sam Walton recognized the claims that employees, as stakeholder have on the firm. But that was during those years that the so-called values and principles have worked effectively. What might have changed in the ethical climate of Wal-Mart in recent years to contribute to the lawsuits by dis-gruntled employees? . Not being focus on the company’s mission and vision from the management side might have changed in the ethical climate of Wall-Mart. To think, the company have started with a very strong and ambitious values and principles which employees were given the most importance. Do you think Wal-Mart has an ethical problem? Is the company right to claim that with 1. 4 million employees, some problems are bound to arise? 3. I don’t think Wall-Mart has an ethical problem. I believe no companies dream of just earning without helping their manpower. If you were running Wal-Mart, what steps would you take to address any potential ethical issues, particularly with regard to employees? 4. If I’m running Wall-Mart, I’ll make sure that those people I put in the management have the same vision and dedication to make realize the company’s core values and principles. If I have a company whose focus is the welfare of employees, then I should recruit and train people for the management to become like me. We will write a custom essay sample on S. Robson Walton and Founder Sam Walton specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on S. Robson Walton and Founder Sam Walton specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on S. Robson Walton and Founder Sam Walton specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

How to Make Your College Applications Stand Out

As students begin to fill out their college applications, there’s one question everyone always asks: â€Å"How can I make my college applications stand out?† We asked a few of our s from the incoming Class of 2021 to share some of their insights on the application process, and what they think made their applications stand out. Stanford21 Stanford University ‘21 I had a combination of things that helped to get accepted. Firstly, I had good academics, but only having this will not get you into any elite school. In addition, I had great letters of rec. The big thing that got me in was that I was very passionate in my concentrations and showed a consistent theme throughout my application. I think that it helped coming from the Midwest I was not from an overrepresented area and I also had a unique background. Finally, part of college admissions is really about the type of environment a school has. My profile aligned with the culture and goals of the schools I applied to. Blurr Ohio Wesleyan University ‘21 College really loved my extra curricular activities. I had a lot and I had leadership roles in them. The best advice I can give is to join any and all clubs that you find interesting and get involved. Also, when writing your college essays, try to capture a moment. They already know your activities, grades, and involvement from the other parts of your application. There is no need to bring them up again. Take a moment in your life that captures something important to you. An important lesson learned, the joy from something you experienced, something you took for granted and lost. You want to talk about a moment that you wont forget. It doesnt have to be huge or life changing. Often, the small events are the most powerful. Tell them about who you are. The essay is where they learn about who you are. So tell them. Ramisa125 Barnard College ‘21 Before I began the application process, I made a list of things that were unique to me, and not to anyone else, and incorporated those into my essays. I didnt care how trivial they sounded because they were things that were important to me. As a result, my essays were unique and unable to be replicated by anyone else because if they were, they simply wouldnt be true to those others. joy2760 Georgetown University ‘21 Between 10th and 11th grade, I had the privilege of studying abroad for one year in Peru with Rotary Youth Exchange. I think what set me apart is that I was an Asian American girl who took a year off high school, while maintaining my GPA. Other than that, I was fairly typical- I didnt play any sports, I had good enough test scores and grades, I was in orchestra, a member of some clubs with two leadership positions, etc. So I decided to focus on my community service experience and love for language. If you pick just two things youre passionate about and let them shine through, I think youll have a good application. TexasJacket Georgia Institute of Technology ‘21 I primarily aimed to apply to schools that award merit scholarships. My best advice for this process is to take every opportunity that you can to interview with a school. I believe that interviews are the reason for most of the scholarships I was awarded (Case Western, USC) and some of the more competitive admissions (CMU, Rice). Make sure that you start working on applications early and fully investigate each school. If you tailor your application to what they are looking for in a student, you should have a much better chance at admission and scholarships. I think that my dual enrollment credits, active role in student life, unique summer experience, and my interviews/recommendation letters were the largest factors in my admission at most schools. Looking for more college application advice? Ask any question in our Advice Search Feature, and itll surface profiles of students whove answered your question! For more, you can also search throughprofiles of studentsaccepted to see essays, stats, and advice.See how they got in, and how you can too!

History of the Electric Blanket

History of the Electric Blanket The first crude electric blanket was invented in the early 1900s. The heated bed coverings bore little resemblance to the electric blankets we are familiar with today. They were big and bulky heating devices that were dangerous to use, and the blankets were really considered an oddity. An inventor called S.I. Russell patented an electric blanket and some consider him the inventor of the modern electric blanket. Use in Sanitariums In 1921, electric blankets started receiving more attention after being regularly used in tuberculosis sanitariums. Tuberculosis patients were routinely prescribed lots of fresh air, which included sleeping outdoors. The blankets were used to keep the patients warm. When any product comes to public attention, attempts to improve design begins and the electric blanket was no exception. Thermostat Control In 1936, the first automatic, electric blanket was invented. It had a separate thermostat control which automatically turned on and off, in response to room temperature. The thermostat also served as a safety device, turning off if hot spots in the blanket occurred. Later, thermostats were wired into the blankets and multiple thermostats were used. This basic design remained until 1984 when thermostats-free electric blankets were introduced. Warming Pads Heated Quilts That in 1946 the first automatic electric blanket went on sale in the US for $39.50, but the term electric blanket was not used until the 1950s- prior to that, these blankets used to be called warming pads or heated quilts Todays electric blankets can respond to both room and body temperatures. The blankets can even send more heat to your cold feet and less to your torso.

Listening Response Beatles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Listening Response Beatles - Essay Example In short, the song is appropriately recognized as one of the most complex recordings by the Beatles and the extensive overdubbing and editing has not weakened the effect. On the contrary, as Brennan remarks, it has created "the right setting for a very good song." (Brennan) The overall magical effect of the song is intensified by the sound pattern and the most appreciable feature of the song is the creation of a kind of 'sound picture' in the composition which reflects the feelings of the composer. The other chief characteristics of the song includes its orchestral music, the unusual instruments in lieu of the traditional vocal and musical styles, and sound effects such as cymbals recorded and played backward. According to Roberts, "Strawberry Fields Forever," written by Lennon, evokes the feeling of the flower shows in the Salvation Army Camp, conducted every summer. "His words and music are like a lighthearted walk through a summer garden." (Roberts, 67) Unlike any other rock 'n' roll song of the past, "Strawberry Fields Forever" exploited the recording technology as well as creativity to the maximum. To speak specifically about the composition of the song "Strawberry Fields Forever," it is important to note that Lennon was particular about the lyrics to be like a conversation.

Why and how is the landscape of childrens services changing What are Essay

Why and how is the landscape of childrens services changing What are the implications of these changes for practitioners who work with children - Essay Example fts in institutional values have also contributed to this change, such as the gendered character of contemporary parenting and the gendered character of childhood, which have corresponding implications in the children’s services (Daniel, e al., 2005). Today’s children’s services argue the importance of using gendered perspective in order to engage adequately with the causes and effects of child maltreatment. This perspective may be analysed as an outcome of the growing gendered character of the household and the workplace, which has characterised modern industrial societies like England. England has designed and implemented its early years’ educational policy in the period of 1997-2004 and presented some innovations in the policy, its evidence base, and delivery of new services. It suggests evidence concerning expansion of services on the benefit of early years education on children’s development (Sylva and Pugh, 2005), a direction which children’s services as pedagogy is leading. Early year’s education in England is claimed to be transformed through integration of education and care at local and national level, the strong focus on families and children in the delivery of services, as well as the introduction of the Foundation Stag Curriculum 3-6 years and its birth-3 years supplement (Sylva and Pugh, 2005). Stone and Rixon (2008) stressed that while child-centred is the key, it is as important to seek the perspective of parents who are left with the child when all the professionals have gone home. Stone and Rixon also emphasised that it is important to recognise the value of families, which serve as one point for change and in which change itself can and should originate from, resonating with the changes in children’s services in England. The focus of change, as Rixon (2008) points out, has been on the challenges for practitioners of these currents, which likewise affect the experiences of children and their families. England launched in 2003 its

Having global mindset and cultural awareness Assignment

Having global mindset and cultural awareness - Assignment Example This focus has helped me deliver brilliantly under pressures and do well in challenging environments like the international crowd that I presently work in. From after college to now, I have been able to understand the different expectations of people from different countries, cultures and backgrounds, who are residing in my native country and working alongside me (Hofstede, 2002, p.3). Understanding different cultures is not equivalent to having a global mindset since all my adjustments to these people and my endeavors to make them comfortable in my land involves me being comfortable already since I am in my birthplace. The time has come when I have to make a move to a new country because there are better career opportunities in there (Nisbett, 2004, p.19). The situation this time, and every time from now on is going to be strikingly different from studying and working in an international environment as the one I am in now with different people holding different notions about Eastern and Western working philosophies surrounding me. We all know that Asian, Russian and European countries have distinct cultures wherein the natives have separate protocols for greeting each other, showing respect and communicating special meaning sentences to each other and elders and youngsters. Also, there will be one or more cultural backgrounds to meet at the workplace and this will lead to me being faced by a multi-variate cultural workplace. Therefore, I am going to relate how developing a global mindset through each perspective is going to be important to me using a strategic approach and not a critical or negative approach (McSweeney, 2002, p.1). Whether in Bangkok, in Israel or in Czech Republic, a foreigner needs to understand, respect and to an extent adopt the different cultural practices in each place. Only then will he be able to interpret the communications happening at the

Impact Of Globalisation For Children And Families Education Essay

Impact Of Globalisation For Children And Families Education Essay What is globalisation. Globalisation is the process by which the world is becoming increasingly interconnected as a result of massively increased trade and cultural exchange. Globalisation has increased the production of goods and services†¦ Although globalisation is probably helping to create more wealth in developing countries it is not helping to close the gap between the worlds poorest countries and the worlds richest (BBC, 2012). As we can see from the definition of globalisation that it has created great impact on the world. Every child is different. Children vary from the way they brought up and the culture of their society and what they learn from their environment (Penn.H, 2004). Since environment, society and culture affects the children and family due to the differences in the world. We understand that globalisation impacts the world and the world indirectly impact the child through a chain of reaction (Bronfenbrenner, 1990). As you go along we will discuss on the pr ocess on how the children are being affected by globalisation by using the bronfenbrenners ecological theory and then moving on to what ways the globalisation can impact the child. From there we will look into the different kind of impact it has on the poor and the rich. Finally in our conclusion we will evaluate on how the children are being protected or given help to overcome the globalisation. Let me move from the outer layer of the ecological system to the inner layer which is where it is referred to the child. Macrosystem This is the outer most layer of the ecological system. In this system it involves the law, policies, values and customs (John.R, 2001). They are first area which been affected by the globalisation. The impact of globalisation causes the laew and policies to change and it will then have an influence on the values and customs of the people. This then interconnected and affects the next layer of the ecological system which is the exosystem. Exosystem- this system consists of Community, Society and culture (John.R, 2001). The impact of globalisation passes from macrosystem to exosystem by creating a change in the community. When law n polices changes it also brings in the change in the community. Peoples mind sets and the priority of the community changes according to how the polices and laws are being changed. This community changes are brought into home practices and even to the schools and lastly makes difference in the beliefs and culture of a family. Thats how the exosystem interconnects with mesosystem. Mesosystem this system consist of Family, School and Religon (John.R, 2001). The impact from the law connects to the community and slowly connects to the individual families of the community and as well as the schools of the community. When families are being affected by the globalisation through the chain effect it is then passed down to their children. When schools have any changes in their practices then its passed down also to the children. This impact moves to the closes layer to the child which is the microsystem. Microsystem This system consist the child himself (John.R, 2001). Now we have seen how the globalisation interconnects with one another and finally impacts the child indirectly. Through this we understand the process on how globalisation impacts the child but now we are going to see in what ways those globalisation impacts the child and the difference between the impact on the poor and the rich. We learnt that through globalisation culture and beliefs changes as well. The upbringing of a family from a low literacy family is different from the highly educated family. The poor might not understand the importance of education and childrens well being as much as the rich. Due to the rapid changing world the rich will proceed fast and their children will gain all the benefit of the changing world. Experiencing IT, and technology based school infrastructure. But the child from the poor will lose out from all the benefits due to the lack of awareness. The other reason for the impact is the finance. During globalisation, if there is a downfall it may cause high unemployment rate and it will make the community to have financial crises. When community has financial cr ises it means some member of certain families are unemployed and this would affect the ability to provide for the child, be it medical or education. This situation is mostly affected by the poor rather than the rich. It is because the rich would have a basic amount of money to sustain through the downfalls whereas the poor are solely depended on the monthly income to run their family. During globalisation when the economy is picking up it is also going to pick a toll on the poor because when economy is high the living expense gets increased. It is commented in BBC that globalisation brings in a wide gap between the poor and the rich (BBC, 2008). Therefore from here we can see that the children from the poor families are being mostly affected then the rich children. Poor families are enable to give the children the full benefits and meet the basic needs of the children like education, healthcare and even safety. The environment and the community of the poor families have great influe nce in the children. Children might get hurt from fights in the neighbourhood or even get into bad company and go into illegal activity. Whereas the community of the rich are educated and the environment is safe for the children compared to the poor. Through this it is able to see that children from the poor need help from globalisation. Many Schemes from different countries are working to help all children to gain the benefits of education, health and safety. Schemes like Triple P from Australia, Head start from USA and Sure Start from England are working towards the aim to provide the best for the children. Some schemes brought in by Singapore government to help the children to get what they deserve are subsides from Ministry of Community Development, Youth and Sports (MCYS). Every child born in Singapore gets baby bonus to support their medical and education (MCYS, 2012). There are also different racial communities to concentrate on their racial group people and help the needy in any assistance they need. Schools come out with newsletters and parenting seminars to educate the parents on the importance childhood education and parenting skills. These schemes may be of great help for children and families to overcome the impact o f globalisation. In this assignment we have discussed on how the globalisation impacts children with the help of bronfernburrners ecological theory. We were able to see the interconnection of the world to the child. From there we broke down to the different ways globalisation can impact a child and its family and how it affects the poor and the rich. We also covered on how different nations have brought in schemes to help the families to provide the best for children. We took Singapore and listed the various ways it helped in providing the best for the child and its family. With this we evaluated that there is great impact on children due to globalisation. Referencing Penn, H, 2004. The Globalisation of Early childhood Education and Care. An Introduction to Early Childhood Studies , 2 edition, 47- 59 Government of Singapore. 2012. Ministry od community Development, Youth and Sports (MCYS). [ONLINE] Available at: http://app1.mcys.gov.sg/. [Accessed 25 October 12]. Bronfenbrenner, U. 1990. Discovering what families do. In Rebuilding the Nest: A New Commitment to the American Family . [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.montana.edu/www4h/process.html. [Accessed 25 October 12]. Ryan, J, 2001. Bronfenbrenners Ecological Systems Theory. [ONLINE] Available at: http://people.usd.edu/~mremund/bronfa.pdf. [Accessed 25 October 12]. GCSE Bitesize. 2012. BBC. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/geography/globalisation/globalisation_rev1.shtml. [Accessed 25 October 12].

Guidance of Young Children Essay -- Teaching Young Children

1. Developmentally appropriate practice as defined by NAEYC is a â€Å"framework of principles and guidelines for best practice in the care and education of young children, birth through age 8. Children cannot perform tasks that they are not yet developmentally capable of doing and teachers have to be aware of this. One would not expect a one year old child to be able to write their name, not only because they are not cognitively able to understand this task, but also because their fine motor skills have not developed enough to hold a writing instrument. Therefore, most adults would realize this task is not developmentally appropriate. A kindergarten teacher, for example, can able to expect his or her students to know why it is necessary as well as how to clean up their tables after coloring. This task would be developmentally appropriate for most 5 year olds. Making sure that developmentally appropriate tasks are utilized is important because children can easily get discouraged an d may feel inadequate if they cannot perform a task this is simply not within their developmental capabilities. 2. The majorities of teachers that I have interacted have tended to display the authoritative parenting style. They appeared to have respect for their students and allowed them to have a voice in classroom decisions. The teachers also exuded warmth and had genuine care and concern for their students. When students required discipline, the teachers did explain the reason to the child in most circumstances. However, one teacher that I worked with encompassed all three of the parenting styles. With certain students, she presented herself with an authoritative style. These students tended to follow directions, were well behaved and did well on ... ... the entire classroom the new skill or information and then have the children make an attempt. The teacher can focus the attention on the children who appear to be struggling. A wonderful form of learning that can utilize Vygotsky’s ideas of scaffolding and the zone of proximal development is cooperative learning. When children are grouped together with their various ZPD’s, together they can help each other learn and the teacher can assist each group as needed. Not only does this help the children who are struggling, but the students who have a firm grasp of the skills further them by teaching their fellow classmates. Bibliography Gartrell, D. (2004). The power of guidance, teaching social-emotional skills in early childhood classrooms. Belmont, CA: Delmar Marion, M. (2012). Guidance of young children. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc

Foundation and Empire 16. Conference

When the twenty-seven independent Trading worlds, united only by their distrust of the mother planet of the Foundation, concert an assembly among themselves, and each is big with a pride grown of its smallness, hardened by its own insularity and embittered by eternal danger – there are preliminary negotiations to be overcome of a pettiness sufficiently staggering to heartsicken the most persevering. It is not enough to fix in advance such details as methods of voting, type of representation – whether by world or by population. These are matters of involved political importance. It is not enough to fix matters of priority at the table, both council and dinner, those are matters of involved social importance. It was the place of meeting – since that was a matter of overpowering provincialism. And in the end the devious routes of diplomacy led to the world of Radole, which some commentators had suggested at the start for logical reason of central position. Radole was a small world – and, in military potential, perhaps the weakest of the twenty-seven. That, by the way, was another factor in the logic of the choice. It was a ribbon world – of which the Galaxy boasts sufficient, but among which, the inhabited variety is a rarity for the physical requirements are difficult to meet. It was a world, in other words, where the two halves face the monotonous extremes of heat and cold, while the region of possible life is the girdling ribbon of the twilight zone. Such a world invariably sounds uninviting to those who have not tried it, but there exist spots, strategically placed – and Radole City was located in such a one. It spread along the soft slopes of the foothills before the hacked-out mountains that backed it along the rim of the cold hemisphere and held off the frightful ice. The warm, dry air of the sun-half spilled over, and from the mountains was piped the water-and between the two, Radole City became a continuous garden, swimming in the eternal morning of an eternal June. Each house nestled among its flower garden, open to the fangless elements. Each garden was a horticultural forcing ground, where luxury plants grew in fantastic patterns for the sake of the foreign exchange they brought – until Radole had almost become a producing world, rather than a typical Trading world. So, in its way, Radole City was a little point of softness and luxury on a horrible planet – a tiny scrap of Eden – and that, too, was a factor in the logic of the choice. The strangers came from each of the twenty-six other Trading worlds: delegates, wives, secretaries, newsmen, ships, and crews – and Radole's population nearly doubled and Radole's resources strained themselves to the limit. One ate at will, and drank at will, and slept not at all. Yet there were few among the roisterers who were not intensely aware that all that volume of the Galaxy burnt slowly in a sort of quiet, slumbrous war. And of those who were aware, there were dime classes. First, there were the many who knew little and were very confident. Such as the young space pilot who wore the Haven cockade on the clasp of his cap, and who managed, in holding his glass before his eyes, to catch those of the faintly smiling Radolian girl opposite. He was saying: â€Å"We came fight through the war-zone to get here-on purpose. We traveled about a light-minute or so, in neutral, right past Horleggor-â€Å" â€Å"Horleggor?† broke in a long-legged native, who was playing host to that particular gathering. â€Å"That's where the Mule got the guts beat out of him last week, wasn't it?† â€Å"Where'd you hear that the Mule got the guts beat out of him?† demanded the pilot, loftily. â€Å"Foundation radio.† â€Å"Yeah? Well, the Mule's got Horleggor. We almost ran into a convoy of his ships, and that's where they were coming from. It isn't a gut-beating when you stay where you fought, and the gut-beater leaves in a hurry.† Someone else said in a high, blurred voice, â€Å"Don't talk like that. Foundation always takes it on the chin for a while. You watch; just sit tight and watch. Ol' Foundation knows when to come back. And then – pow!† The thick voice concluded and was succeeded by a bleary grin. â€Å"Anyway.† said the pilot from Haven, after a short pause, â€Å"As I say, we saw the Mule's ships, and they looked pretty good, pretty good. I tell you what – they looked new.† â€Å"New?† said the native, thoughtfully. â€Å"They build them themselves?† He broke a leaf from an overhanging branch, sniffed delicately at it, then crunched it between his teeth, the bruised tissues bleeding greenly and diffusing a minty odor. He said, â€Å"You trying to tell me they beat Foundation ships with homebuilt jobs? Go on.† â€Å"We saw them, doc. And I can tell a ship from a comet, too, you know.† The native leaned close. â€Å"You know what I think. Listen, don't kid yourself. Wars don't just start by themselves, and we have a bunch of shrewd apples running things. They know what they're doing.† The well-unthirsted one said with sudden loudness, â€Å"You watch ol' Foundation. They wait for the last minute, then – pow!† He grinned with vacuously open mouth at the girl, who moved away from him. The Radolian was saying, â€Å"For instance, old man, you think maybe that this Mule guy's running things. No-o-o.† And he wagged a finger horizontally. â€Å"The way I hear it, and from pretty high up, mind you, he's our boy. We're paying him off, and we probably built those ships. Let's be realistic about it – we probably did. Sure, he can't beat the Foundation in the long run, but he can get them shaky, and when he does – we get in.† The girl said, â€Å"Is that all you can talk about, Klev? The war? You make me tired.† The pilot from Haven said, in an access of gallantry, â€Å"Change the subject. Can't make the girls tired.† The bedewed one took up the refrain and banged a mug to the rhythm. The little groups of two that had formed broke up with giggles and swagger, and a few similar groups of twos emerged from the sun-house in the background. The conversation became more general, more varied, more meaningless. Then there were those who knew a little more and were less confident. Such as the one-armed Fran, whose large bulk represented Haven as official delegated, and who lived high in consequence, and cultivated new friendships – with women when he could and with men when he had to. It was on the sun platform of the hilltop home, of one of these new friends, that he relaxed for the first of what eventually proved to be a total of two times while on Radole. The new friend was Iwo Lyon, a kindred soul of Radole. Iwo's house was apart from the general cluster, apparently alone in a sea of floral perfume and insect chatter. The sun platform was a grassy strip of lawn set at a forty-five degree angle, and upon it Fran stretched out and fairly sopped up sun. He said, â€Å"Don't have anything like this on Haven.† Iwo replied, sleepily, â€Å"Ever seen the cold side. There's a spot twenty miles from here where the oxygen runs like water. â€Å" â€Å"Go on. â€Å"Fact.† â€Å"Well, I'll tell you, Iwo-In the old days before my arm was chewed off I knocked around, see – and you won't believe this, but† – The story that followed lasted considerably, and Iwo didn't believe it. Iwo said, through yawns, â€Å"They don't make them like in the old days, that's the truth.† â€Å"No, guess they don't. Well, now,† Fran fired up, â€Å"don't say that. I told you about my son, didn't I? He's one of the old school, if you like. He'll make a great Trader, blast it. He's his old man up and down. Up and down, except that he gets married.† â€Å"You mean legal contract? With a girl?† â€Å"That's right. Don't see the sense in it myself. They went to Kalgan for their honeymoon.† â€Å"Kalgan? Kalgan? When the Galaxy was this?† Fran smiled broadly, and said with slow meaning, â€Å"Just before the Mule declared war on the Foundation.† â€Å"That so?† Fran nodded and motioned Iwo closer with his head. He said, hoarsely, â€Å"In fact, I can tell you something, if you don't let it go any further. My boy was sent to Kalgan for a purpose. Now I wouldn't like to let it out, you know, just what the purpose was, naturally, but you look at the situation now, and I suppose you can make a pretty good guess. In any case, my boy was the man for the job. We Traders needed some sort of ruckus.† He smiled, craftily. â€Å"It's here. I'm not saying how we did it, but – my boy went to Kalgan, and the Mule sent out his ships. My son!† Iwo was duly impressed. He grew confidential in his turn, â€Å"That's good. You know, they say we've got five hundred ships ready to pitch in on our own at the right time. â€Å" Fran said authoritatively, â€Å"More than that, maybe. This is real strategy. This is the kind I like.† He clawed loudly at the skin of his abdomen. â€Å"But don't you forget that the Mule is a smart boy, too. What happened at Horleggor worries me.† â€Å"I heard he lost about ten ships.† â€Å"Sure, but he had a hundred more, and the Foundation had to get out. It's all to the good to have those tyrants beaten, but not as quickly as all that.† He shook his head. â€Å"The question I ask is where does the Mule get his ships? There's a widespread rumor we're making them for him.† â€Å"We? The Traders? Haven has the biggest ship factories anywhere in the independent worlds, and we haven't made one for anyone but ourselves. Do you suppose any world is building a fleet for the Mule on its own, without taking the precaution of united action? That's a†¦ a fairy tale.† â€Å"Well, where does he get them?† And Fran shrugged, â€Å"Makes them himself, I suppose. That worries me, too.† Fran blinked at the sun and curled his toes about the smooth wood of the polished foot-rest. Slowly, he fell asleep and the soft burr of his breathing mingled with the insect sibilance. Lastly, there were the very few who knew considerable and were not confident at all. Such as Randu, who on the fifth day of the all-Trader convention entered the Central Hall and found the two men he had asked to be there, waiting for him. The five hundred seats were empty – and were going to stay so. Randu said quickly, almost before he sat down, â€Å"We three represent about half the military potential of the Independent Trading Worlds.† â€Å"Yes,† said Mangin of Iss, â€Å"my colleague and I have already commented upon the fact.† â€Å"I am ready,† said Randu, â€Å"to speak quickly and earnestly. I am not interested in bargaining or subtlety. Our position is radically in the worse.† â€Å"As a result of-† urged Ovall Gri of Mnemon. â€Å"Of developments of the last hour. Please! From the beginning. First, our position is not of our doing, and but doubtfully of our control. Our original dealings were not with the Mule, but with several others; notably the ex-warlord of Kalgan, whom the Mule defeated at a most inconvenient time for us.† â€Å"Yes, but this Mule is a worthy substitute,† said Mangin. â€Å"I do not cavil at details.† â€Å"You may when you know all the details.† Randu leaned forward and placed his hands upon the table palms-up in an obvious gesture. He said, â€Å"A month ago I sent my nephew and my nephew's wife to Kalgan.† â€Å"Your nephew!† cried Ovall Gri, in surprise. â€Å"I did not know he was your nephew.† â€Å"With what purpose,† asked Mangin, dryly. â€Å"This?† And his thumb drew an inclusive circle high in the air. â€Å"No. If you mean the Mule's war on the Foundation, no. How could I aim so high? The young man knew nothing – neither of our organization nor of our aims. He was told I was a minor member of an intra-Haven patriotic society, and his function at Kalgan was nothing but that of an amateur observer. My motives were, I must admit, rather obscure. Mainly, I was curious about the Mule. He is a strange phenomenon – but that's a chewed cud; I'll not go into it. Secondly, it would make an interesting and educational training project for a man who had experience with the Foundation and the Foundation underground and showed promise of future usefulness to us. You see-â€Å" Ovall's long face fell into vertical lines as he showed his large teeth, â€Å"You must have been surprised at the outcome, then, since there is not a world among the Traders, I believe, that does not know that this nephew of yours abducted a Mule underling in the name of the Foundation and furnished the Mule with a casus belli. Galaxy, Randu, you spin romances. I find it hard to believe you had no hand in that. Come, it was a skillful job.† Randu shook his white head, â€Å"Not of my doing. Nor, willfully, of my nephew's, who is now held prisoner at the Foundation, and may not live to see the completion of this so-skillful job. I have just heard from him. The Personal Capsule has been smuggled out somehow, come through the war zone, gone to Haven, and traveled from there to here. It has been a month on its travels.† â€Å"And?-â€Å" Randu leaned a heavy hand upon the heel of his palm and said, sadly, â€Å"I'm afraid we are cast for the same role that the onetime warlord of Kalgan played. The Mule is a mutant!† There was a momentary qualm; a faint impression of quickened heartbeats. Randu might easily have imagined it. When Mangin spoke, the evenness of his voice was unchanged, â€Å"How do you know?† â€Å"Only because my nephew says so, but he was on Kalgan. â€Å"What kind of a mutant? There are all kinds, you know.† Randu forced the rising impatience down, â€Å"All kinds of mutants, yes, Mangin. All kinds! But only one kind of Mule. What kind of a mutant would start as an unknown, assemble an army, establish, they say, a five-mile asteroid as original base, capture a planet, then a system, then a region – and then attack the Foundation, and defeat them at Horleggor. And all in two or three years!† Ovall Gri shrugged, â€Å"So you think he'll beat the Foundation?† â€Å"I don't know. Suppose he does?† â€Å"Sorry, I can't go that far. You don't beat the Foundation. Look, there's not a new fact we have to go on except for the statements of a†¦ well, of an inexperienced boy. Suppose we shelve it for a while. With all the Mule's victories, we weren't worried until now, and unless he goes a good deal further than he has, I see no reason to change that. Yes?† Randu frowned and despaired at the cobweb texture of his argument. He said to both, â€Å"Have we yet made any contact with the Mule?† â€Å"No,† both answered. â€Å"It's true, though, that we've tried, isn't it? It's true that there's not much purpose to our meeting unless we do reach him, isn't it? It's true that so far there's been more drinking than thinking, and more wooing than doing – I quote from an editorial in today's Radole Tribune – and all because we can't reach the Mule. Gentlemen, we have nearly a thousand ships waiting to be thrown into the fight at the proper moment to seize control of the Foundation. I say we should change that. I say, throw those thousand onto the board now – against the Mule.† â€Å"You mean for the Tyrant Indbur and the bloodsuckers of the Foundation?† demanded Mangin, with quiet venom. Randu raised a weary hand, â€Å"Spare me the adjectives. Against the Mule, I say, and for I-don't-care-who.† Ovall Gri rose, â€Å"Randu, I'll have nothing to do with that, You present it to the full council tonight if you particularly hunger for political suicide.† He left without another word and Mangin followed silently, leaving Randu to drag out a lonely hour of endless, insoluble consideration. At the full council that night, he said nothing. But it was Ovall Gri who pushed into his room the next morning; an Ovall Gri only sketchily dressed and who had neither shaved nor combed his hair. Randu stared at him over a yet-uncleared breakfast table with an astonishment sufficiently open and strenuous to cause him to drop his pipe. Ovall said baldly, harshly. â€Å"Mnemon has been bombarded from space by treacherous attack.† Randu's eyes narrowed, â€Å"The Foundation?† â€Å"The Mule!† exploded Ovall. â€Å"The Mule!† His words raced, â€Å"It was unprovoked and deliberate. Most of our fleet had joined the international flotilla. The few left as Home Squadron were insufficient and were blown out of the sky. There have been no landings yet, and there may not be, for half the attackers are reported destroyed – but it is war – and I have come to ask how Haven stands on the matter.† â€Å"Haven, I am sure, will adhere to the spirit of the Charter of Federation. But, you see? He attacks us as well.† â€Å"This Mule is a madman. Can he defeat the universe?† He faltered and sat down to seize Randu's wrist, â€Å"Our few survivors have reported the Mule's poss†¦ enemy's possession of a new weapon. A nuclear-field depressor.† â€Å"A what?† Ovall said, â€Å"Most of our ships were lost because their nuclear weapons failed them. It could not have happened by either accident or sabotage. It must have been a weapon of the Mule. It didn't work perfectly; the effect was intermittent; there were ways to neutralize – my dispatches are not detailed. But you see that such a tool would change the nature of war and, possibly, make our entire fleet obsolete.† Randu felt an old, old man. His face sagged hopelessly, â€Å"I am afraid a monster is grown that will devour all of us. Yet we must fight him.†

Free Essays on Freud On Homosexuality

In his 1905 Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality, Freud challenged traditional views of one’s sexuality to be an inherent and predetermined fate in relation to one’s gender. Karl Ulrich’s and earlier thinkers, thought homosexuality to be an inborn condition within a minority of men. They speculated that a biological inheritance of certain female mental traits is responsible for making men homosexual. Freud contested that nature of one’s sexuality is absent of any gender related characteristics. His contention was that all humans were initially born with a bisexual nature and the manifestation of one’s sexuality is an evolutionary course of one’s upbringing and interaction within their surrounding environment. In regards to. Bisexuality is what exists and heterosexuality naturalized constructed. Freud believed human as children have a polymorphous sexuality, their sexual desire is indiscriminate and varied, â€Å"My surprising discoveries as to the sexuality of children were made in the first instance through the analysis of adults. But later (from about 1908 onwards) it became possible to confirm them fully and in every detail by direct observations upon children. Indeed, it is so easy to convince oneself of the regular sexual activities of children that one cannot help asking in astonishment how the human race can have succeeded in overlooking the facts and in maintaining for so long the wishful legend of the asexuality of childhood.† An Autobiographical Study (4214) Freud uses the occurrence of hermaphrodites in nature as an illustration to rationalize his bisexual theory, â€Å"The importance of these abnormalities lies in the unexpected fact that they facilitate our understanding of normal development. For it appears that a certain degree of anatomical hermaphrodites occurs normally. In every normal male or female individual, traces are found of the apparatus of the opposite sex. These either persists w... Free Essays on Freud On Homosexuality Free Essays on Freud On Homosexuality In his 1905 Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality, Freud challenged traditional views of one’s sexuality to be an inherent and predetermined fate in relation to one’s gender. Karl Ulrich’s and earlier thinkers, thought homosexuality to be an inborn condition within a minority of men. They speculated that a biological inheritance of certain female mental traits is responsible for making men homosexual. Freud contested that nature of one’s sexuality is absent of any gender related characteristics. His contention was that all humans were initially born with a bisexual nature and the manifestation of one’s sexuality is an evolutionary course of one’s upbringing and interaction within their surrounding environment. In regards to. Bisexuality is what exists and heterosexuality naturalized constructed. Freud believed human as children have a polymorphous sexuality, their sexual desire is indiscriminate and varied, â€Å"My surprising discoveries as to the sexuality of children were made in the first instance through the analysis of adults. But later (from about 1908 onwards) it became possible to confirm them fully and in every detail by direct observations upon children. Indeed, it is so easy to convince oneself of the regular sexual activities of children that one cannot help asking in astonishment how the human race can have succeeded in overlooking the facts and in maintaining for so long the wishful legend of the asexuality of childhood.† An Autobiographical Study (4214) Freud uses the occurrence of hermaphrodites in nature as an illustration to rationalize his bisexual theory, â€Å"The importance of these abnormalities lies in the unexpected fact that they facilitate our understanding of normal development. For it appears that a certain degree of anatomical hermaphrodites occurs normally. In every normal male or female individual, traces are found of the apparatus of the opposite sex. These either persists w...

Protein Article Research Essay Example

Protein Article Research Essay Example Protein Article Research Essay Protein Article Research Essay Protein Article Research SCI/241 September 27, 2012 Roberta Harbison Protein Article Research Protein is an essential part of a healthy diet. It is made of different combinations of 20 different amino acids. Protein is found in every cell, tissue, and organ of the body. It is important to consume an adequate amount of protein because our bodies are constantly using the protein we digest to make more amino acids. Some amino acids cannot be produced by the body and it is essential that our diet contain them. There are different types of protein and they are labeled according to the amount and type of amino acids they contain. The first is known as a complete protein source. Complete protein sources contain all of the essential amino acids. They are also known as high quality proteins. The other is known as an incomplete protein source. This is a protein source that lacks one or more of the essential amino acids. Proteins can be consumed in conjunction in order to make up all of the essential amino acids. This is called complementary proteins. (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, n. d. ). Finding the proper balance of protein is extremely important for overall health. Eating a diet high in protein poses many health risks. The risk factor for heart disease and cancer is increased when a diet contains too much protein. Animal proteins contain a higher fat content which leads to higher cholesterol which plays a large role in heart disease. Research shows that people who consume a high amount of protein tend to have a higher IGF-1 blood levels which contributes to certain types of cancer. High protein diets often lack calcium intake which requires pulling the existing calcium from the bones. This can result in brittle bones. Another downfall of a high protein diet is the strain that the kidneys must endure to process the excess protein in the body. Organ failure may also occur due to the reduced amount of energy due to low carbohydrate intake. The body is then required to burn the protein from body organs to make energy. High protein diets are often deficient in many vitamins, minerals, and essential nutrients because of the lack of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. It is unusual for someone to lack the proper amount of protein in their diet; however, overconsumption can prove to be dangerous. (5 Negative High Protein Diet Effects, n. d. ). As a 36 year old woman, I must do whatever it takes to protect my bones, my body and my overall health. According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, a woman between the ages of 19 and 70 should consume 46 grams of protein per day. After reading examples of how to reach this amount, I am sure that I am consuming enough protein each day. There are many healthy sources of protein that contain all of the essential amino acids. These high quality protein sources include meat, poultry, fish, eggs, milk, and cheese. In the past I have tried high protein/low carb diets (i. e. Atkins Diet) and have been successful at losing weight. I have also experienced some of the ill effects that these diets can cause. After this class and actually understanding what fad diets do to the body, I do not think I will ever try a fad diet again. The best way to achieve overall health is to balance your diet and eat the proper sources of each nutrient. REFERENCES: 5 Negative High Protein Diet Effects. (n. d. ). Retrieved from fitday. com/fitness- articles/nutrition/healthy-eating/5-negative-high-protein-diet-effects. html Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (n. d. ). Retrieved from cdc. gov/nutrition/everyone/basics/protein. html#What is protein

Advanced HealthCare Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Advanced HealthCare Management - Essay Example the organization and they help in establishing plans through which they effectively cooperate to fulfill the aims of such organizations in the most amicable ways. In health care, teams help in implementing the plans of the institutions they serve so that they offer services that can establish them quality deliverers for the benefit of their clients. Teams that are established in different organizations have different characteristic that produce significant impact on the performance of such at the individual or organizational level (Burns, Bradley & Weiner, 2012). This implies that at to ensure that a team is to produce exemplary results that will trigger the success of the organization; the teams that exist in must have a well focused on the goals. One factor that leads to good performance of a team and consequently improves the productivity of the organization is communication among the team members that are involved in establishing it. Communication ensures that team members are in a position to exchange relevant data among themselves and lead to improvement of the quality of services they offer to clients. In health care, teams ensure that all the people are in a position to supply the information about a specific field of study which turns out to be relevant to the care they give to the people to patients. On the contrary, failure in the communication results to low performance of the team because the members lack the updated information that can be of help in implementing care (Woodcock & Francis, 2008). Another characteristic of a team that has an impact on performance is the diversity that is represented by the team members who work together because they have different backgrounds. The diversity in a team can work for the improvement of a team if they work to bring together knowledge in different fields that will ensure they diversify the perspective of looking at the care. On the other hand, diversity in the group can cause conflicts that can weigh down

Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 45

Case Study Example The first stage is the creation or the birth of the organization. This stage often starts with entrepreneurship where the organization appreciates and acknowledge the existence of customers who leads to the business activeness. The second stage is the survival of the organization that leads to the growth. At this stage, organizations often establish frameworks and development capacities. These are usually achieved through set targets and sufficient revenues that they use for survival and expansion. Notably, some organizations often move to the next stage from the survival stages while others often collapse. From survival, organizations move to maturity stage where they enter into a formal hierarchical management. At this stage, organizations never focus on expansion but effective operation and management. The maturity stage is characterized with the linear systems since organizations often tend to remain at this stage for long time and they conduct same operational practices repeatedly thereby making these practices routine operations (Özbilgin and Malakh-Pines, 2007). From the maturity stage, organizations often follow to decline and eventual die. Most of the organizations that often decline and die after reaching maturity stage are those that were supported by governments or those that have been affected by changes in political

Prison law and penology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Prison law and penology - Essay Example This may lead them to focus more on controlling the inmate population rather than working on their rehabilitation. As previously stated, inmates tend to gather and form groups according to their race (black, Hispanic, Caucasian, etc.) or a race-related reasons (groups such as the neo-Nazis, K.K.K, etc.) and as a result, riots often break due to racial grounds. The real motives behind gangs formation and activity are actually power and wealth, things which they can achieve in various ways, often related to violence and disorder (Summers, 2006). The gangs are becoming increasingly stronger and more dominant ("Violent Gangs", n.d) and are also wise to draft to their ranks some prison guards and others that assist them in exchange for money, favours and more. 1 Therefore, prison authorities and representatives must always be attentive and prepared to thwart gangs attempts to gain more power and hurt others along the way. This undoubtedly shifts the focus of prison authorities from the desire to rehabilitate prisoners to the need to control and monitor them so that they dont cause more trouble and eruption of violence and havoc. Also, there are inmates which obviously overwhelming and something which they cannot escape or resist. These people have no place, power or control in the outside world and are therefore making extreme efforts to make their permanent home, the prison, their own kingdom and domain. This leads them to try and take control over it by forceful means and using violence and terrorizing others. They even develop ways to carry out their deeds using technological innovations and creative ways. For instance, it is claimed that a group of prisoners used a 400-year-old binary code system in order to smuggle notes, using guards as deliverers and smugglers of them (Summers, 2006). This shows the innovation and adaptability of gangs. They are no longer plain and simple, nor do they work in primitive ways. Now, when a

Against Banning Full-Face Veils Essay Example for Free

Against Banning Full-Face Veils Essay Mirayda Martinez Against Banning Full-Face Veils Banning Full-Face Veils would not only make Muslim women feel vulnerable to men as a sexual desire, it would also make them feel betrayed by the country or state they live in. Being told what to wear is like being told what to eat or who to hang out with, it is unjust. Muslim women should be able to dress how they would like without being Judged or assaulted by anyone. The veil helps assure the women that they are not being looked at as a desire and in a way, wearing the veil helps make them feel closer to God. Enforcing laws against Full-Face Veils would be amiss because it would e stripping them of freedom of expression and religion. First, Muslim women should not be Judged by what they wear Just because it is different from the culture and beliefs of everyone else. It is not a crime to be different, but then why do some women get assaulted and harassed for wearing a veil? Just because they do not believe in the same religion as other people does not mean they should get treated any differently than others. Muslim women should be entitled to wear whatever they want to, even if it is a Full-Face Veil that covers them from top to bottom. For some omen, veiling is an expression of their religious beliefs, and is no less or more a part of their religious observance than praying five times a day or fasting during Ramadan, the holy month of fasting and prayer in Islam. Veiling is a way women express their religious belief and should not get treated any less important than fasting or praying to wards Mecca; it should get treated with the same respect. Second, the veil is very important.

The Nature of Good and Evil in Stevensons The Strange case of Dr Jekyl

The Nature of Good and Evil in Stevenson's The Strange case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde Introduction: Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde is the story of a gifted doctor who discovers a drug which can release the evil side of one's nature. This drug changes Dr Jekyll into Mr Hyde. Stevenson does not reveal the details of Jekyll's story until the end of the novel, but presents the tale as mystery, in which the main characters try to figure out the identity of Mr Hyde and understand his strange relationship with Dr Jekyll. This story follows the gothic genre and below I will explain some gothic features that are used in this story This story follows 'The Faust Motif'. This is The use of a monster (Mr Hyde) Due to the fact that he looks abnormal, disabled and is ugly people feel uncomfortable around him and scared to stand anywhere near him. Another feature would be that Dr Jekyll has a second self or in other words an alternate identity being Mr Hyde. This book uses multiple narratives. This is when the story is told through many different perspectives so that the reader can make up his own mind about what the story is actually about. This story we first hear through the perspective of Mr Utterson and Mr Enfield as they try to discover the relationship between Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde. Then as the story progresses we hear Mr Hyde's story and towards the end we hear Dr Jekyll' story. I think that Stevenson was trying to show that good and evil cannot be changed or intervened with using the aid of science. He gets his point across when we find out how Dr Jekyll ends up suffering and leading to his own downfall by trying to get rid of hi... ...t they have seen, experienced and had evidence of rather than talking about what they have heard Conclusion In this essay I have gone through the main points of the story. From the beginning where Mr Hyde tramples the young girl and Mr Utterson and Mr Enfield decide to track Mr Hyde. Then I carried on by going onto how the doors of houses and other places can symbolise what is behind them and what type of person uses them. After that I analysed Mr Hyde in depth and discussed his actions. Including when he trampled the young girl and paid her family money to avoid any sort of trouble. Then he brutally murdered Sir Danvers Carew, even though from the maids perspective it seemed as if they were friends. Then I commented on the use of multiple narratives and the relationship between the narrators.

Am Getting Old Now

I'm getting old now is a prose poem. It is quite vibrant and simple and presents the theme of cycle of life. It depicts the poet's acceptance of death and links with with his nostalgic memories of his mother. The first part of the poem symbolize his dream while second part signifies that he is close to death. He address death as a long lost friend whom he seeks to meet in the near future. Realizing that he has got less time to spend on earth he reminisce his past memories and dream a lot. In his dream he recollects how much love and pride his mother had in him. The poem is very touching and it instills in us the pain we feel when we reminisce about good things long lost. A few Key Points: Meeting of different cultures: tourist comes from modern world, and thinks he can dispose of this irritating beggar. But when she speaks she casts a spell, and shows him who is really in control. Woman rooted in where she lives – identified with sky and hills, and draws power from them. Things not what they seem: woman has more power than the poet suspects. Poem has a formal structure in triplets (three-line stanzas). Occasional half rhymes (â€Å"coin†/ â€Å"shrine†, â€Å"on†/ â€Å"skin†) and full rhyme to mark a pause: (â€Å"crone†/ â€Å"alone†). Lines are short but always with pattern of two stressed syllables, apart from in the final line, where the single stress brings the poem to a full stop. Most words monosyllables. Poem refers to old woman with third-person pronoun â€Å"she† and tourist with second-person pronoun, â€Å"you†. This makes poem like an account of real experience, putting reader in tourist's place. Coin which woman begs at the start of the poem, gives the ending its enduring image. Tourist's weakness is suggested in metaphor of â€Å"small change†, while â€Å"in her hand† indicates that woman has power over him. Her power also suggested by appearance – her eyes are â€Å"bullet holes†, dark spaces with nothing behind. â€Å"Cracks† (lines) in her face turn into cracks in sky, hills and temples, while the old woman remains invulnerable (â€Å"shatter-proof†). Crone† suggests the magical power of the old woman. CHURCH GOING Larkin starts his poem after making it sure that no ceremony was going on in the Church. It connotes that Larkin himself did not like ceremonies being performed in the Churches, perhaps due to people’s unconcerned attitude towards churches, otherwise he would not have said: â€Å"Once I’m sure here’s noth ing going on†. When Larkin says â€Å"Another church†, in line number three, it denotes that he has visited all the churches and every church of the city is empty. Perhaps, he has found some mental tranquility in the present church that is why he made his mind to stay in the Church for some time as it was his habit. There is a beautiful blend of similar and dissimilar objects in the poem. For example in stanza number four, line number 28 â€Å"after dark† and â€Å"dubious women† and in stanza number six, line number 48 â€Å"suburb† and â€Å"scrub† respectively. The ellipses, personification, humour, rhetorical questions, transferred epithets, synaesthetic imagery and irony combined make the poem a thing of beauty. The last stanza brings about the final and absolute conclusion. â€Å"A serious house on serious earth it is† pays tribute to churches. Everything of this world may wipe out, even â€Å"superstition, like belief, must die† but the essential uniqueness of churches can never obsolete and out dated. This final stanza not only brings about the ultimate message but it also removes the ambiguity of the poem. In the poem the poet asked his readers â€Å"And what remains when disbelief has gone? †. When everything will be annihilated, the church shall renovate humanity. This is a poetic reaction to the failure of organized religions of all traditions, not merely of Christianity, as the word â€Å"church† might lead us to suppose. Traditionally the way of devotion has been pointed out as the method of spiritual pursuit for the ordinary man of this Age of Kali. And organized religions, even though they are severely afflicted with schisms and sectarian conflicts and even open fights, flourish; and pilgrimage itself has become a billion dollar business the world over. But this is a far cry from the real way of devotion. Sri Aurobindo has expounded the nature of this path in his The Synthesis of Yoga. But he has conceded that in the religions of the masses, â€Å"†¦a most external form of ceremonial worship† , has a legitimate role to play. This is said in the light of the tantric gradation of spiritual pursuit which begins at the level of â€Å"†¦the herd, the animal or the physical being, the lowest stage of its discipline†¦Ã¢â‚¬  But larger and larger segments of this herd is getting estranged from their usual beaten tracks and wandering away from moral ways and seeking solace in drugs and debauchery. This is a clear indication that mankind has come of age, that here after mankind has no use for organized religions of the traditional types. The clergy knows this; that is why it resorts to terrorism in desperation. A college professor's palm was chopped of by the agents of terror who speak for Islam. And the Christian management of his college had him dismissed. Do you know what he was accused of? He had used the name Muhammad in a question he had set for his students. The question required the students to apply punctuation marks to a passage that reported a conversation between a character named Muhammad and God. And well/hell, the professor got his palm chopped off in the name of the Merciful. If this is religion then religion is doomed. church going is rather reality of life.. according to the present generation church going is just a tradition that they have been following since childhood, so its a part of their practise more than faith. Larkin is not interested in any ceremony or any sort of prayers and priests instead he visits the church when it is silent. He does not have belief in church but cannot stop visiting it. However he still has that respect for church as he removes his clips of trousers as a mark of respect. Throughout the poem his thoughts reveal his concern for the present as well as future of and wonders what is their fate. It is worth noticing that even though poet is not a believer of these churches, he still continues with his traditions and not only him, in fact most of us do have the same mindset, be it a temple, mosque or church. Therefore the poem is applicable in present era.

Ready to Eat Food

NEW ERA OF INDIAN READY TO EAT FOOD (RETORT FOOD – Having shelf life up to 18 months) Sanjeev Bhanga BRIEF India has made lot of progress in agriculture & food sectors since independence in terms of growth in output, yields and processing. It has gone through a green revolution, a white revolution, a yellow revolution and a blue revolution. Today, India is the largest producer of milk, fruits, cashew nuts, coconuts and tea in the world, the second largest producer of wheat, vegetables, sugar and fish and the third largest producer of tobacco and rice. Now the time is to provide better food processing & its marketing infrastructure for Indian industries to serve good quality & safest processed food like ready to eat food. It is opening a new window in world scenario as far as taste & acceptance is concerned. Therefore, Indian Government is providing more infrastructure for this sector. Excise duty is now ZERO % on RTE and 100 % tax deduction for the first 10 years for new units. This allows manufactures to bring down their prices & spreads its flavors to the world. The retort processed foods do not require rehydration or cooking and can be consumed straight from the pouch with or without pre-warming, depending upon the requirement of the users and the weather conditions. These foods meet the specific needs of convenience, nutritional adequacy, shelf stability, storage, distribution to the centers and have become very popular after the Year 2002. Some of the mouth-watering dishes in retort pouches include sooji halwa, upma, chicken curry, mutton curry, fish curry, chicken madras, chicken kurma, rajma masala, palak paneer, dal makhnil, mutter paneer, potato-peas, mutter mushroom, vegetable ulav chicken pulav, and mutton pulav, etc. The pioneer introduction of retorting technology has made the sale of ‘Ready-to-Eat’ food products commercially viable with great taste. CONCEPT †¢ Ready to Eat Meals like already cooked or prepared lunch & dinner are relatively new products which came in market only a few years back and are now sold through retail general stores in especially made sealed aluminum laminates. †¢ The retorting or sterilization process ensures the stability of the Ready-to-Eat foods in retort pouches, on the shelf and at room temperature. The application of sterilization technology completely destroys all potentially harmful micro-organisms, thereby making sure that the food product has a very long shelf life of over 12 months and needed no refrigeration. †¢ When customer needs to eat, the food item pouch is either put in microwave oven to warm it or keep in heated water for a few minutes and then serve to eat. †¢ Such ready to eat meals have been especially given to soldiers in army of many countries who require carrying their rations while on war front or while located far away from their main unit. The advertisements like, â€Å"Hungry Kyaa† are adding zest to the market by popularizing such food items which are precooked and free from any preservative, and yet have a long shelf life of over 12-months. These food items are normally selling in pouches, well packed in cardboard printed boxes of small book size and carry about 300 grams of cooked food at a price of about Rs. 40 to 200 in foreign marke t depending upon the type of dish packed. One packet of vegetable dish is normally sufficient for one meal for three persons and therefore falls in economic zone of consumer’s preferences. WHY READY TO EAT FOOD Globalization of Indian food and its culture are the core factors for popularization of ready to eat foods. Main motivation for these ready to eat foods is fast growing foreign market. Retail outlet culture is now growing rapidly in India. Shelf life of these foods are at least 12-18 months. Quality, Taste and Flavor of these foods remains as good as fresh up to the expiry date. Women wanting to spend more time out of the kitchen. More working bachelors staying away from homes. Cost effective in comparison to the Indian cuisine served by the restaurants in foreign countries. TYPES OF READY TO EAT FOOD Veg Food Alloo Matar Palak paneer Sarso Ka Saag Chana Masala Kadi Pakora Cheese Tomato Dal Makhani Rajma Masala Non Veg Food Chicken Curry Butter Chicken Karahi Chicken Mughalai Chicken Mutton Masala Mutton Korma Karahi Mutton Mutton Biryani Deserts Gajar Ka Haluaa / Sugi Ka Haluaa / Milk Kheer PLAYERS IN READY TO EAT FOOD MTR Kohinoor Foods ITC Haldiram Tasty Bites RETORT & ITS PACKAGING The water RETORT is an equipment or vessel or sterilization module through which steam (at 130 degree centigrade for 25 minutes) is applied on food products packed in retort pouches. The retorts use water or steam/air combination as processing medium to heat the container/packages. Compressed air or additional steam is introduced during the processing cycle to provide the overpressure (any pressure supplied to the retort in excess of that which can be normally achieved under steam at any given retort temperature). Overpressure is important in preventing package damage or loss of seal integrity (like bursting), during the heating process. Retort pouches is a flexible packaging material that basically consist of laminates or bounded layers of different packaging films of Polyster-Nylon-Aluminium-polypropylene that can withstand high process temperature & pressure. Their most important feature is that they are made of heatresistant plastics unlike the usual flexible pouches. This makes the retort pouches unique which are suitable for the processing of food contents at temperatures around 120 degrees Celsius. That is the kind of ambient temperature prevalent in the thermal sterilization of foods. There is lesser time to spend in cooking food themselves and so ready to eat foods are preferred. To get the food of different cultures, taste etc, it is important that food has good shelf life so that it can be made available at far off places too and then can be conveniently consumed also. ADVANTAGES OF RETORT PACKAGING †¢ Pouch laminates permits less chance to overcook during the retorting thus products having better color, texture & less nutrients loss. †¢ It requires less energy for sterilization. †¢ It requires less disposal & storage space. †¢ Low oxygen & moisture permeability. Shelf stable for longer time & requires no refrigeration. †¢ Sun light barrier, light weight, easy to open. MARKET & ITS GROWTH The popularity of ready to eat packed food now is no longer marks a special occasion. Peoples want value for time, money in terms of quality and variety. The food processing industry is one of the largest industries in India and it is the ranked fifth in terms of Production, Consumption, Export & Expected growth. Processed food market in India accounts for 32% that is Rs. 1280 billion or 29. 4 billion US $ in a total estimated market of Rs. 990 billion or 91. 66 US $. Euromonitor International, a market research company says that amount of money Indian spend on ready to eat snacks & food is 5 billion US $ in a year while on abroad Indian or Indian subcontinents spend 30 billion US $ in a year. Ready to eat packaged food industry is over Rs. 4000 crore or 1 billion US $ and it is growing at the rate of 20 % per annum. Ready to eat food market is developing specifically in UK, USA, Canada, Gulf & South Asian Countries with the growth rate of over 150 % per annum. FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS What is retort packaging? Retort packaging is a self stable flexible package What is the shelf life of retort food? – The shelf life of a retort package is a year plus. What are the shipping advantages? – A retort package will not b reak or dent and weigh less. Where do you display the package in the retail store? – You can display at room temperature at any corner of the retail store What are some of the main reasons, a packager of consumer products would like to go from a conventional package material to a flexible retort pouch? – The package provides a flat surface for graphics and text, needs no refrigeration and is microwave compatible. What's the difference between foil and non-foil retort structures? – Non-foil retort packaging can be put in the micro wave. What about taste of products in a retort package? – People say that products packaged with retort material taste fresher and maintain a more natural flavor. What about shelf appeal? – Retort pouches are more space efficient and provide a larger surface for graphics and text. What kind of food products can be packed in retort packaging ? – All kind of veg & Non- veg food products Email: [email  protected] com

What Is Class Rank What Is a Good Rank

What Is Class Rank What Is a Good Rank SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Have you heard of class rank but aren’t sure what it is? Maybe you want to know why class rank is important or how you can figure out what a good class rank is. And, by the way, what is a good class rank? We have answers to all these questions! Read on to learn what class rank is, how schools calculate it, and how it’s important for your future. What Is Class Rank? Class rank is a way to see how your academic achievements measure up to those of your classmates. Your class rank is determined by comparing your GPA to the GPA of people in the same grade as you. So, if you are a junior and your high school has 500 juniors, each of them will receive a number, 1-500, with the person who has the highest GPA ranked #1. If there are 500 people in your class and your class rank is 235, then 234 of your classmates have a higher GPA than you, 265 classmates have a lower GPA than you, and you are in the top half of your class. Class rank is reevaluated each grading period, whether that is semesters or trimesters at your school. So, every time new grades are added to transcripts, class rankings are updated and your rank may go up or down. How Do Different Schools Measure Class Rank? All class ranking methods involve assigning each student a number based on how their GPA compares to that of their classmates. However, there are several different ways to measure class rank. There are two main types of class rank: weighted and unweighted. Unweighted class rank determines your rank by using your unweighted GPA. Unweighted GPAs are measured on a scale of 0 to 4.0 and do not take into account the difficulty of your courses. Weighted class rank determines your rank by using your weighted GPA. Weighted GPAs usually range from a scale of 0 to 5.0 and do take the difficulty of your courses into account. So what does this mean for your ranking? If you have taken honors or AP classes, your weighted class rank will likely be better than your unweighted class rank, even if you didn’t receive A’s in all those courses. This is because more challenging courses are given a higher weight (usually a 5.0) when calculating GPAs. For unweighted class rank, a person who takes regular-level classes and receives straight A’s in them will have the same unweighted GPA and class rank as a student who took all honors and AP classes and got straight A’s in them. For unweighted GPAs, every A, no matter how difficult the course, counts as a 4.0. Some high schools provide weighted class rank, some unweighted class rank, and some provide both rankings. To learn more about unweighted vs. weighted GPAs read our guide on the topic. Your class rank also determines your class percentile. If your school does not list your percentile, it is easy to figure out. Divide your class rank by the number of students in your grade, multiply by 100, then subtract that number from 100. For example, if there are 600 students in your grade and you are ranked 120th, then you are in the 80th percentile because (120/600)*100=20, and 100-20=80. You are also in the top 20% of your class. Why Is Class Rank Important? Besides letting students know how they stack up against their classmates, class rank is used for several other reasons. #1: College Applications Class rank offers a way for colleges to see how your academic achievements compare to those of your classmates. For example, if you attend a high school that gives very few A’s and you have a transcript with mostly B’s and C’s, this may make your GPA lower than the average applicant's GPA. However, admissions officers will see by your high class rank that you were one of the best students in your grade, and this will strengthen your application. Conversely, if you have straight A’s but only took easy classes or went to a high school that gave many A’s, you may have a great GPA but your class rank will not be particularly high because a lot of your classmates received the same grades you did. Your class rank helps colleges put your GPA into context and gives them more insight into your academic abilities. Some states offer high school students guaranteed admission to state universities if they have a certain class rank. For example, Florida students are guaranteed admission to at least one in-state university if they are in the top 20% of their graduating class. #2: Scholarships Some scholarships require applicants to have achieved a certain class rank or percentile (such as top 25% of your class) in order to be applicable. Like colleges, scholarship committees may also use class rank as one criterion to judge a student’s academic abilities, along with GPA and standardized test scores. #3: High School Honors Some high schools award honors to graduating seniors who achieved a certain class rank, such as top 10% or 25% of their class. There are also honors for those at the very top of their class rankings. The graduating senior who is ranked #1 in the class is honored as the valedictorian and often gives a speech at graduation. The person ranked #2 is the salutatorian of the class. Why Do Some Schools No Longer Use Class Rank? Although class rank has long been used by colleges to help judge students’ academic skills, only about half of US high schools currently provide class rank. There are several reasons more and more schools have stopped using class rank. Some schools believe that students who just miss important percentiles, like top 10% or 25% of their class, may be unfairly disadvantaged for scholarships and college admissions. For example, a student in the top 11% of their class may have a GPA very similar to a student in the top 9%, but may not receive certain scholarships or college offers because they aren’t in the top 10% of their class. Some also feel that class rank doesn’t promote teamwork and cooperation because it makes students too competitive with each other as they vie to improve their class rank. Some schools also believe that providing class rank encourages students to take easier classes to boost their ranking, instead of challenging themselves and taking more difficult classes where they may not get an A, but may learn more. There are also schools that no longer assign a rank to each student, but only provide broad percentiles. These percentiles may divide the class into quarters and show if a particular student is in the top 25, 50, or 75% of her class. This lets you know roughly how well you are doing compared to your classmates, but you won’t know your exact class rank. Some schools also only use percentiles to designate which students are in the top 10% or 15% of their class and don’t provide percentiles for students below that cutoff. Because fewer high schools are including it on transcripts, many colleges are giving class rank less importance when they review college applications. Instead of using class rank as a critical admissions criteria, some colleges instead focus more other components of a student's transcript such as GPA or the rigor of the classes taken. You won't need to search too hard to find your class rank. How to Find Your Class Rank In order to find your class rank, first check your most recent report card or high school transcript. Your class rank should be there, usually near the bottom of the page. You should be able to see what your class rank is and how many people are in your class. Your school may also provide your percentile, as well as indicate whether your ranking is weighted or unweighted (or it may provide both). If you can’t find this information, or don’t have access to your report cards or transcripts, stop by the school office or ask your guidance counselor. They should be able to give you your class rank. If your school doesn't provide class rank, they may still be able to give you a percentile estimate. If you're interested in learning this information, try asking something like, "I would like to learn my class rank so I have a better idea of my chances for getting into college. If you can't provide my exact rank, could you tell me what rough percentile I fit into?" How to Find What Percentile You're In Many schools will list your percentile along with your rank, but if your school doesn't, it's easy to figure out. Use this formula: (1- (your class rank / number of people in your class)) * 100 = your percentile If a student is ranked 78th out of 600 people in her grade, she'd plug in those numbers and get: (1- (78 / 600)) * 100 = 87 So, she'd be in the 87th percentile. Remember, percentiles show how many people you're ranked above, so a higher number is better. Being 87th percentile means that her class rank is higher than 87% of her classmates' class ranks. By subtracting 87 from 100, you can also see that this student's class rank puts her in the top 13% of her class. What If Your School Doesn't Include Class Rank? Only about 60% of high schools still use class rank, so if your school doesn’t provide class rankings, you are not alone. Some students worry that if their school doesn’t provide class rank, it will hurt their chances of getting into college. However, this is not true. When a high school doesn’t provide class rank, colleges simply look at other information, such as GPA, high school transcripts, and standardized test scores to judge a student’s academic ability. As mentioned above, because fewer high schools provide class rank, it is becoming less important for college admissions. How far away are you from a 4.0? Use our easy GPA tool to pinpoint how well you have to do in future classes to get your GPA up to that magical number. What Is a Good Class Rank? So now that you know what your class rank is, what's a good class rank? This answer depends on a lot of factors, including your high school and where you hope to go to college, but we can still give some general answers. If you want to attend college, your minimum goal should be to have a class rank that puts you in the upper half of your class. So if you have a class of 500, you'd want your rank to be 249 or higher. You can certainly get into colleges with a lower class rank (especially if you go to a highly competitive high school and/or magnet school), but being in the top half of your class is a good baseline goal to aim for since it shows colleges that you're an above-average student at your school. If you want to attend a more competitive college, you should aim to have a class rank that puts you in the top 25% of your class, or the 75th or higher percentile. For Ivy League and other top tier schools, a class rank in the top 10% or 5% is a good goal to aim for. Remember though, that colleges take many factors into consideration when they look at college applications, and your class rank is just one piece of the puzzle. Having an overall strong applicationwith high grades, a transcript showing you took difficult classes, strong letters of recommendation, and dedication to extracurricularsmatters much more than just your class rank alone. Recap: What You Need to Know About Class Rank Class rank is a way to compare a student’s grades to those of her classmates. Students are given a number ranking based on their GPA. Class rank can be weighted, unweighted, or only include percentiles. Class rank is one criteria colleges use to determine an applicant’s academic abilities. Some high schools no longer use class rank due to growing concerns that it causes students to take less challenging courses and puts students who are just outside certain percentiles at an unfair disadvantage when applying to colleges. Your class rank can typically be found on your high school transcript or report card. If your high school doesn’t include class rank, it won’t negatively affect your chances of getting into college. Universities have many other criteria, such as your GPA, essays, and standardized test scores, to help make their decision. What's Next? Wondering what else colleges look for on your transcript? Check out our guide on what information a high school transcript includes and why it's important for college applications. Want to improve your class rank? Read our guide on different strategies to raise your GPA in high school. Wondering how strong your GPA is? Learn what a good GPA is for college. How far away are you from a 4.0? Use our easy GPA tool to pinpoint how well you have to do in future classes to get your GPA up to that magical number.